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2008 版公民测试 100 题（中英对照）

USCIS 官方题库全文，含全部可接受答案。带 ★ 的 20 道是 65/20 豁免的指定题。

部分题目的答案会随选举和任命变动（参议员、众议员、州长等）。面试时须回答当时在任的人。在 App 或练习页里按你所在的州查看。

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AMERICAN GOVERNMENT / A: Principles of American Democracy

1What is the supreme law of the land?

这个国家的最高法律是什么？

the Constitution（美国）宪法

2What does the Constitution do?

宪法起什么作用？

sets up the government建立政府
defines the government界定政府的职权
protects basic rights of Americans保护美国人的基本权利

3The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?

自治的理念体现在宪法开头的三个词里。这三个词是什么？

We the People我们人民（We the People）

4What is an amendment?

什么是修正案？

a change (to the Constitution)对（宪法的）一项修改
an addition (to the Constitution)对（宪法的）一项增补

5What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

宪法的前十条修正案叫什么？

the Bill of Rights《权利法案》

6What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? ★

说出第一条修正案里的一项权利或自由。

speech言论
religion宗教
assembly集会
press新闻
petition the government向政府请愿

7How many amendments does the Constitution have?

宪法有多少条修正案？

twenty-seven (27)二十七（27）条

8What did the Declaration of Independence do?

《独立宣言》起了什么作用？

announced our independence (from Great Britain)宣告我们（脱离英国）独立
declared our independence (from Great Britain)宣布我们（脱离英国）独立
said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)声明美国（脱离英国）获得自由

9What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?

《独立宣言》里有哪两项权利？

life终身
liberty自由
pursuit of happiness追求幸福

10What is freedom of religion?

什么是宗教自由？

You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.你可以信仰任何宗教，也可以不信教。

11What is the economic system in the United States? ★

美国的经济制度是什么？

capitalist economy资本主义经济
market economy市场经济

12What is the "rule of law"?

什么是「法治」？

Everyone must follow the law.每个人都必须遵守法律。
Leaders must obey the law.领导人必须遵守法律。
Government must obey the law.政府必须遵守法律。
No one is above the law.没有人可以凌驾于法律之上。

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT / B: System of Government

13Name one branch or part of the government. ★

说出政府的一个分支或组成部分。

Congress（美国）国会
legislative立法
President（美国）总统
executive行政
the courts法院
judicial司法

14What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

是什么阻止政府的某一个分支变得过于强大？

checks and balances制衡
separation of powers三权分立

15Who is in charge of the executive branch?

谁掌管行政分支？

the President（美国）总统

16Who makes federal laws?

谁制定联邦法律？

Congress（美国）国会
Senate and House (of Representatives)参议院和众议院
(U.S. or national) legislature（美国或国家）立法机关

17What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? ★

美国国会由哪两部分组成？

the Senate and House (of Representatives)参议院和众议院

18How many U.S. Senators are there?

美国有多少名联邦参议员？

one hundred (100)一百（100）名

19We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

我们选出的联邦参议员任期几年？

six (6)六（6）年

20Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now? ★

现在你所在州的一位联邦参议员是谁？

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.]答案因人而异。〔哥伦比亚特区居民和美国海外领地居民应回答：特区（或申请人居住的领地）没有联邦参议员。〕

21The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

众议院有多少名有投票权的议员？

four hundred thirty-five (435)四百三十五（435）名

22We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

我们选出的联邦众议员任期几年？

two (2)两（2）名

23Name your U.S. Representative.

说出你所在选区的联邦众议员。

Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.]答案因人而异。〔设有无投票权代表或驻地专员的领地居民，可说出该代表或专员的姓名。回答该领地在国会没有（有投票权的）众议员也可以。〕

24Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

联邦参议员代表谁？

all people of the state该州的全体居民

25Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?

为什么有些州的众议员比其他州多？

(because of) the state's population（因为）该州的人口
(because) they have more people（因为）他们的人口更多
(because) some states have more people（因为）有些州人口更多

26We elect a President for how many years?

我们选出的总统任期几年？

four (4)四（4）年

27In what month do we vote for President? ★

我们在几月投票选总统？

November十一月

28What is the name of the President of the United States now? ★

现任美国总统是谁？

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.请访问 uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates 查询现任美国总统姓名。

29What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

现任美国副总统是谁？

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.请访问 uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates 查询现任美国副总统姓名。

30If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

如果总统无法继续履职，谁将接任总统？

the Vice President（美国）副总统

31If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

如果总统和副总统都无法继续任职，谁来接任总统？

the Speaker of the House众议院议长

32Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

谁是军队的总司令？

the President（美国）总统

33Who signs bills to become laws?

谁签署法案使其成为法律？

the President（美国）总统

34Who vetoes bills?

谁否决法案？

the President（美国）总统

35What does the President's Cabinet do?

总统的内阁做什么？

advises the President向（美国）总统提供建议

36What are two Cabinet-level positions?

说出两个内阁级职位。

Secretary of Agriculture农业部长
Secretary of Commerce商务部长
Secretary of Defense国防部长
Secretary of Education教育部长
Secretary of Energy能源部长
Secretary of Health and Human Services卫生与公众服务部长
Secretary of Homeland Security国土安全部长
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development住房与城市发展部长
Secretary of the Interior内政部长
Secretary of Labor劳工部长
Secretary of State国务卿
Secretary of Transportation运输部长
Secretary of the Treasury财政部长
Secretary of Veterans Affairs退伍军人事务部长
Attorney General司法部长
Vice President（美国）副总统

37What does the judicial branch do?

司法分支做什么？

reviews laws审查法律
explains laws解释法律
resolves disputes (disagreements)裁决争议（分歧）
decides if a law goes against the Constitution裁定某项法律是否违反（美国）宪法

38What is the highest court in the United States?

美国最高的法院是什么？

the Supreme Court最高法院

39How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

最高法院有多少位大法官？

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the number of justices on the Supreme Court.请访问 uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates 查询最高法院大法官人数。

40Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

现任美国首席大法官是谁？

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.请访问 uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates 查询现任美国首席大法官姓名。

41Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?

根据我们的宪法，有些权力属于联邦政府。说出联邦政府的一项权力。

to print money印制货币
to declare war宣战
to create an army建立军队
to make treaties缔结条约

42Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?

根据我们的宪法，有些权力属于各州。说出各州的一项权力。

provide schooling and education提供学校教育
provide protection (police)提供治安保护（警察）
provide safety (fire departments)提供安全保障（消防）
give a driver's license颁发驾照
approve zoning and land use批准分区规划和土地使用

43Who is the Governor of your state now?

现在你所在州的州长是谁？

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.]答案因人而异。〔哥伦比亚特区居民应回答：特区没有州长。〕

44What is the capital of your state? ★

你所在州的首府是哪里？

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]答案因人而异。〔哥伦比亚特区居民应回答：特区不是州，没有首府。美国海外领地居民应说出该领地的首府。〕

45What are the two major political parties in the United States? ★

美国的两大政党是什么？

Democratic and Republican民主党和共和党

46What is the political party of the President now?

现任总统属于哪个政党？

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the political party of the President.请访问 uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates 查询现任总统所属政党。

47What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?

现任众议院议长是谁？

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.请访问 uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates 查询现任众议院议长姓名。

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT / C: Rights and Responsibilities

48There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

宪法里有四条修正案是关于谁可以投票的。描述其中一条。

Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).年满十八（18）岁的公民（可以投票）。
You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.投票不需要缴纳（人头税）。
Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)任何公民都可以投票。（男女均可投票。）
A male citizen of any race (can vote).任何种族的男性公民（都可以投票）。

49What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? ★

说出一项只有美国公民才有的责任。

serve on a jury担任陪审员
vote in a federal election在联邦选举中投票

50Name one right only for United States citizens.

说出一项只有美国公民才有的权利。

vote in a federal election在联邦选举中投票
run for federal office竞选联邦公职

51What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?

说出住在美国的每个人都享有的两项权利。

freedom of expression表达自由
freedom of speech言论自由
freedom of assembly集会自由
freedom to petition the government向政府请愿的自由
freedom of religion宗教自由
the right to bear arms持有武器的权利

52What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

我们念《效忠誓词》时，是在向什么表示忠诚？

the United States美国
the flag国旗

53What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?

你成为美国公民时做出的一项承诺是什么？

give up loyalty to other countries放弃对其他国家的效忠
defend the Constitution and laws of the United States捍卫美国宪法和法律
obey the laws of the United States遵守美国法律
serve in the U.S. military (if needed)（必要时）在美军服役
serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)（必要时）为国家服务（提供帮助、从事重要工作）
be loyal to the United States忠于美国

54How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? ★

公民要满多少岁才能投票选总统？

eighteen (18) and older十八（18）岁及以上

55What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?

说出美国人参与民主的两种方式。

vote投票
join a political party加入政党
help with a campaign协助竞选活动
join a civic group加入公民团体
join a community group加入社区团体
give an elected official your opinion on an issue就某议题向民选官员表达你的意见
call Senators and Representatives打电话给参议员和众议员
publicly support or oppose an issue or policy公开支持或反对某项议题或政策
run for office竞选公职
write to a newspaper给报社写信

56When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? ★

报送联邦所得税表的最后期限是哪一天？

April 154 月 15 日

57When must all men register for the Selective Service?

所有男性必须在什么时候进行兵役登记（Selective Service）？

at age eighteen (18)年满十八（18）岁时
between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)十八（18）岁至二十六（26）岁之间

AMERICAN HISTORY / A: Colonial Period and Independence

58What is one reason colonists came to America?

殖民者来到美洲的一个原因是什么？

freedom自由
political liberty政治自由
religious freedom宗教自由
economic opportunity经济机会
practice their religion信奉他们的宗教
escape persecution逃避迫害

59Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

欧洲人到来之前，谁住在美洲？

American Indians美洲印第安人
Native Americans原住民（Native Americans）

60What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

哪一群人被带到美洲并被当作奴隶贩卖？

Africans非洲人
people from Africa来自非洲的人

61Why did the colonists fight the British?

殖民者为什么要与英国人作战？

because of high taxes (taxation without representation)因为高额赋税（无代表却征税）
because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)因为英军住在他们家里（借宿、驻扎）
because they didn't have self-government因为他们没有自治权

62Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

《独立宣言》是谁写的？

(Thomas) Jefferson（托马斯·）杰斐逊

63When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

《独立宣言》是何时通过的？

July 4, 17761776 年 7 月 4 日

64There were 13 original states. Name three.

最初有 13 个州。说出三个。

New Hampshire新罕布什尔
Massachusetts马萨诸塞
Rhode Island罗德岛
Connecticut康涅狄格
New York纽约
New Jersey新泽西
Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚
Delaware特拉华
Maryland马里兰
Virginia弗吉尼亚
North Carolina北卡罗来纳
South Carolina南卡罗来纳
Georgia佐治亚

65What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

制宪会议上发生了什么？

The Constitution was written.宪法在此写成。
The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution.开国元勋们写下了宪法。

66When was the Constitution written?

宪法是什么时候写成的？

17871787 年

67The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

《联邦党人文集》支持美国宪法的通过。说出其中一位作者。

(James) Madison（詹姆斯·）麦迪逊
(Alexander) Hamilton（亚历山大·）汉密尔顿
(John) Jay（约翰·）杰伊
Publius普布利乌斯（Publius）

68What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?

本杰明·富兰克林因为一件什么事而闻名？

U.S. diplomat美国外交官
oldest member of the Constitutional Convention制宪会议中年纪最长的成员
first Postmaster General of the United States美国第一任邮政总长
writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac"《穷理查年鉴》的作者
started the first free libraries创办了第一批免费图书馆

69Who is the "Father of Our Country"?

谁是「国父」？

(George) Washington（乔治·）华盛顿

70Who was the first President? ★

第一任总统是谁？

(George) Washington（乔治·）华盛顿

AMERICAN HISTORY / B: 1800s

71What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

1803 年美国从法国购买了哪片领土？

the Louisiana Territory路易斯安那领地
Louisiana路易斯安那

72Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

说出美国在 19 世纪打过的一场战争。

War of 18121812 年战争
Mexican-American War美墨战争
Civil War南北战争
Spanish-American War美西战争

73Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

说出美国南北之间的那场战争。

the Civil War南北战争（内战）
the War between the States州际战争

74Name one problem that led to the Civil War.

说出导致南北战争的一个问题。

slavery奴隶制
economic reasons经济原因
states' rights州权

75What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? ★

亚伯拉罕·林肯做过的一件重要的事是什么？

freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)解放了奴隶（《解放奴隶宣言》）
saved (or preserved) the Union拯救（或维护）了联邦
led the United States during the Civil War在南北战争期间领导美国

76What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

《解放奴隶宣言》起了什么作用？

freed the slaves解放了奴隶
freed slaves in the Confederacy解放了邦联的奴隶
freed slaves in the Confederate states解放了邦联各州的奴隶
freed slaves in most Southern states解放了南方大多数州的奴隶

77What did Susan B. Anthony do?

苏珊·B·安东尼做了什么？

fought for women's rights为妇女权利而奋斗
fought for civil rights为民权而奋斗

AMERICAN HISTORY / C: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

78Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. ★

说出美国在 20 世纪打过的一场战争。

World War I第一次世界大战
World War II第二次世界大战
Korean War朝鲜战争
Vietnam War越南战争
(Persian) Gulf War（波斯）湾战争

79Who was President during World War I?

第一次世界大战期间的总统是谁？

(Woodrow) Wilson（伍德罗·）威尔逊

80Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?

大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的总统是谁？

(Franklin) Roosevelt（富兰克林·）罗斯福

81Who did the United States fight in World War II?

美国在第二次世界大战中与谁作战？

Japan, Germany, and Italy日本、德国和意大利

82Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?

艾森豪威尔当总统之前是一位将军。他参加的是哪场战争？

World War II第二次世界大战

83During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?

冷战期间美国的主要担忧是什么？

Communism共产主义

84What movement tried to end racial discrimination?

哪一场运动试图终结种族歧视？

civil rights (movement)民权（运动）

85What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do? ★

小马丁·路德·金做了什么？

fought for civil rights为民权而奋斗
worked for equality for all Americans为全体美国人的平等而努力

86What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?

2001 年 9 月 11 日在美国发生了什么重大事件？

Terrorists attacked the United States.恐怖分子袭击了美国。

87Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

说出美国的一个美洲印第安部落。

Cherokee切罗基（Cherokee）
Navajo纳瓦霍（Navajo）
Sioux苏（Sioux）
Chippewa奇珀瓦（Chippewa）
Choctaw乔克托（Choctaw）
Pueblo普韦布洛（Pueblo）
Apache阿帕奇（Apache）
Iroquois易洛魁（Iroquois）
Creek克里克（Creek）
Blackfeet黑脚（Blackfeet）
Seminole塞米诺尔（Seminole）
Cheyenne夏延（Cheyenne）
Arawak阿拉瓦克（Arawak）
Shawnee肖尼（Shawnee）
Mohegan莫希干（Mohegan）
Huron休伦（Huron）
Oneida奥奈达（Oneida）
Lakota拉科塔（Lakota）
Crow克罗（Crow）
Teton提顿（Teton）
Hopi霍皮（Hopi）
Inuit因纽特（Inuit）

INTEGRATED CIVICS / A: Geography

88Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.

说出美国两条最长河流中的一条。

Missouri (River)密苏里河
Mississippi (River)密西西比河

89What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?

美国西海岸临着哪个大洋？

Pacific (Ocean)太平洋

90What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?

美国东海岸临着哪个大洋？

Atlantic (Ocean)大西洋

91Name one U.S. territory.

说出美国的一个海外领地。

Puerto Rico波多黎各
U.S. Virgin Islands美属维尔京群岛
American Samoa美属萨摩亚
Northern Mariana Islands北马里亚纳群岛
Guam关岛

92Name one state that borders Canada.

说出一个与加拿大接壤的州。

Maine缅因
New Hampshire新罕布什尔
Vermont佛蒙特
New York纽约
Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚
Ohio俄亥俄
Michigan密歇根
Minnesota明尼苏达
North Dakota北达科他
Montana蒙大拿
Idaho爱达荷
Washington华盛顿州
Alaska阿拉斯加

93Name one state that borders Mexico.

说出一个与墨西哥接壤的州。

California加利福尼亚
Arizona亚利桑那
New Mexico新墨西哥
Texas得克萨斯

94What is the capital of the United States? ★

美国的首都是哪里？

Washington, D.C.华盛顿特区（Washington, D.C.）

95Where is the Statue of Liberty? ★

自由女神像在哪里？

New York (Harbor)纽约（港）
Liberty Island [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]自由岛〔回答新泽西、纽约市附近、哈德逊（河）上也可以。〕

INTEGRATED CIVICS / B: Symbols

96Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

国旗为什么有 13 条条纹？

because there were 13 original colonies因为原来有 13 个殖民地
because the stripes represent the original colonies因为条纹代表最初的那些殖民地

97Why does the flag have 50 stars? ★

国旗为什么有 50 颗星？

because there is one star for each state因为每个州一颗星
because each star represents a state因为每颗星代表一个州
because there are 50 states因为有 50 个州

98What is the name of the national anthem?

国歌叫什么名字？

The Star-Spangled Banner《星条旗》（The Star-Spangled Banner）

INTEGRATED CIVICS / C: Holidays

99When do we celebrate Independence Day? ★

我们在什么时候庆祝独立日？

July 47 月 4 日

100Name two national U.S. holidays.

说出两个美国的全国性节日。

New Year's Day元旦
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day马丁·路德·金纪念日
Presidents' Day总统日
Memorial Day阵亡将士纪念日
Independence Day独立日
Labor Day劳动节
Columbus Day哥伦布日
Veterans Day退伍军人节
Thanksgiving感恩节
Christmas圣诞节

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